1.
Dietary patterns and Helicobacter pylori infection in a group of Chinese adults ages between 45 and 59 years old: An observational study.
Shu, L, Zheng, PF, Zhang, XY, Feng, YL
Medicine. 2019;98(2):e14113
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Plain language summary
Research has shown that diet plays an important role in the development of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection, a major cause of many digestive diseases. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and H pylori infection in a Chinese population aged 45-59. Dietary patterns among 3014 adults were assessed through a food frequency questionnaire and diet patterns were categorised as either health-conscious, Western, grains-vegetables and high salt. A breath test was used to diagnose H pylori infection and the prevalence among the entire test population was 27.5%. This study found that among this population, the grains-vegetables pattern was associated with a decreased risk of H pylori infection whereas the high salt pattern was associated with an increased risk. The authors suggest these findings be confirmed through further prospective studies and include a wider cohort that is more indicative of the general population.
Abstract
Limited studies have reported the association between dietary patterns and the risk of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and H pylori infection in a Chinese population ages from 45 to 59 years. We performed a cross-sectional examination of the associations between dietary patterns and H pylori infection in 3014 Chinese adults ages between 45 and 59 years from Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province, China. Dietary intake was assessed through a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). H pylori infection was diagnosed using the C-urea breath test. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of H pylori infection. The prevalence of H pylori infection was 27.5%. Four major dietary patterns were identified by means of factor analysis: health-conscious, Western, grains-vegetables and high-salt patterns. After adjustment for the potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of the "grains-vegetables" pattern scores had a lower odds ratio (OR) for H pylori infection (OR = 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.732-0.973; P = .04) than did those in the lowest quartile. Compared with those in the lowest quartile, participants in the highest quartile of the "high-salt" pattern scores had a greater OR for H pylori infection (OR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.004-1.139; P = .048). Besides, no significant associations were found between the "health-conscious" and "Western" dietary patterns and the risk of H pylori infection.Our findings demonstrate that the "grains-vegetables" pattern is associated with a decreased risk, while "high-salt" pattern is associated with an increased risk of H pylori infection.
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Probiotic monotherapy and Helicobacter pylori eradication: A systematic review with pooled-data analysis.
Losurdo, G, Cubisino, R, Barone, M, Principi, M, Leandro, G, Ierardi, E, Di Leo, A
World journal of gastroenterology. 2018;24(1):139-149
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Helicobacter pylori (H-pylori) is a parasite that resides in the human stomach and is associated with the development of stomach ulcers, amongst other conditions. Conventional treatment relies on a combination of antibiotics and stomach acid suppressants, however failure rates for standard treatments have been rising and alternatives are required. Probiotics (live bacteria that provide health benefits to their host) have been used alongside antibiotic treatment for H-pylori in some cases to reduce medication side effects. This systematic review of 11 studies including 517 H-pylori infected patients, aimed to assess the effects of probiotic therapy alone on H-pylori status. The study found that the eradication rate of H-pylori with a variety of probiotic strains was 12-16%, compared to a 0% success rate in the placebo groups. Clinically, this rate is low, however the authors conclude that probiotics may have a role to play in a multi-therapy approach for the eradication of H-pylori.
Abstract
AIM: To define probiotic monotherapy effect on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) status by performing a systematic review. METHODS Methods of analysis and inclusion criteria were based on PRISMA recommendations. Relevant publications were identified by searching PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, and EMBASE. The end-point was to estimate eradication rate and urea breath test delta value before and after probiotic monotherapy across all studies and, overall, with a pooled data analysis. Adverse events of probiotic therapy were evaluated. The data were expressed as proportions/percentages, and 95%CIs were calculated. For continuous variables, we evaluated the weighted mean difference. Odd ratios (ORs) were calculated according to the Peto method for the comparison of eradication rates between probiotics and placebo. RESULTS Eleven studies were selected. Probiotics eradicated H. pylori in 50 out of 403 cases. The mean weighted eradication rate was 14% (95%CI: 2%-25%, P = 0.02). Lactobacilli eradicated the bacterium in 30 out of 235 patients, with a mean weighted rate of 16% (95%CI: 1%-31%). Saccharomyces boulardii achieved eradication in 6 out of 63 patients, with a pooled eradication rate of 12% (95%CI: 0%-29%). Multistrain combinations were effective in 14 out of 105 patients, with a pooled eradication rate of 14% (95%CI: 0%-43%). In the comparison of probiotics vs placebo, we found an OR of 7.91 in favor of probiotics (95%CI: 2.97-21.05, P < 0.001). Probiotics induced a mean reduction in delta values higher than placebo (8.61% with a 95%CI: 5.88-11.34, vs 0.19% for placebo, P < 0.001). Finally, no significant difference in adverse events was found between probiotics and placebo (OR = 1, 95%CI: 0.06-18.08). CONCLUSION Probiotics alone show a minimal effect on H. pylori clearance, thus suggesting a likely direct role.